There are two commonly used mating designs: the backcross design (BC) and the \(F_2\) design. Both design require two inbred lines (two different strains of the species), which differ in both the phenotypes and genotypic frequency.
Let us investigate loci A and B wich take \({A_1,A_2}\) and \({B_1,B_2}\) and let \(P_1\) and \(P_2\) be the two inbred parents